The Spanish began to settle in Montego Bay
after 1510 in the area of the Fort and they called the Bay "Bahia
de Mantega" because of the large quantities of pigs' lard they
exported to their colonies in South America and the West Indies.
With the British occupation of Jamaica in
1655, St. James was among the second group of Parishes founded in
1671. Montego Bay was a small town for the first part of the 18th
century, and up until 1788 was exempt of taxes, but this soon changed.
A while after 1720 a Captain Jonathan Barnett
sub-divided a portion of his sugar cane fields and created Charles
Town, with Charles Square now called Sam Sharpe Square, and Barnett
Town.
This resulted in the rapid expansion of the
town and its commercial waterfront, as during this time most trade
and communication was by sea.
Fort Montego, is approximately
half a mile from Montego Bay. It was built on a small bluff overlooking
what was then Meager Bay, and River Bay.
Both bays have now been filled in for highway and town expansion.
Many forts were built along the coast to
protect the major shipping ports of Jamaica from invasion by French
and Spanish forces and pirates that roamed around the Caribbean
Sea.
In 1752 the Fort was reported to be in very
poor condition. In 1779 the fort underwent extensive renovations
and the platform, paving, parapet wall and the powder magazine with
its buttresses were built.